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 20170414《靜思妙蓮華》種宿因聞大法 (第1066集) (法華經•化城喻品第七)

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20170414《靜思妙蓮華》種宿因聞大法 (第1066集)  (法華經•化城喻品第七) Empty
發表主題: 20170414《靜思妙蓮華》種宿因聞大法 (第1066集) (法華經•化城喻品第七)   20170414《靜思妙蓮華》種宿因聞大法 (第1066集)  (法華經•化城喻品第七) Empty周四 4月 13, 2017 10:12 pm

20170414《靜思妙蓮華》種宿因聞大法 (第1066集)
(法華經•
化城喻品

 
久遠劫來常聞佛音聲教,入佛知見向菩提大直道,恆住聲聞守緣覺自獨善,求佛知見至無上正等覺。
諸比丘!我等為沙彌時,各各教化無量百千萬億恆河沙等眾生。《法華經化城喻品第七
從我聞法,為阿耨多羅三藐三菩提。此諸眾生,於今有住聲聞地者,我常教化阿耨多羅三藐三菩提。《法華經化城喻品第七
從我聞法,為阿耨多羅三藐三菩提:從佛聞說大乘之法,為欲成就無上菩提。
此諸眾生:昔時大通道埸,解疑除惑,所化恆沙之眾。
於今有住聲聞地者:至於今生,尚有退大,住於小乘聲聞修法自利,位居小乘者。
我常教化阿耨多羅三藐三菩提:為機緣故,說種種法,然如來意,但為佛乘,諸有所作,常為一事,故曰:我常教化。
發弘誓種大因之後,中間退大向小,住聲聞獨覺位,佛常教化大乘,諸人應以大乘之法入群度眾,漸入佛道。
是諸人等應以是法漸入佛道所以者何?如來智慧,難信難解。《法華經化城喻品第七
難信難解:一念心明,即成佛道,功高難信;圓頓大教,說佛知見,義深難解。徵釋退住之意。
雖下大種,緣佛慧難解,所以退大而向小。以今觀之,幸聞大法,不無宿因,安知吾徒非智勝之遺塵?若能勤進,其庶幾乎。
 
【證嚴上人開示】

「久遠劫來常聞佛音聲教,入佛知見向菩提大直道,恆住聲聞守緣覺自獨善,求佛知見至無上正等覺。」
 
久遠劫來
常聞佛音聲教
入佛知見
向菩提大直道
恆住聲聞
守緣覺自獨善
求佛知見
至無上正等覺
 
我們用心來體會,體會塵點劫以前,大通智勝佛那個時候,釋迦牟尼佛,已經是十六王子之一。大通智勝佛,又敘述十六沙彌的過去,已經就是供養這麼多佛,這樣一直以來,上求下化,與很多菩薩聚會在一處,也與很多眾生,結了很多的好緣。長遠劫就是這樣上求下化,一直到大通智勝佛,他們發大心、立大願,希望能聽到佛講說大乘法,他們所要追求的是佛知見,希望能夠與佛有同等的知見,他們就是期待,能進入了菩提大直道,去行菩薩道。這是他們的心願。
 
就如佛陀,釋迦牟尼佛,在娑婆世界的教育,循循善誘,一直到四十二年後,才開始希望大家要展開心胸,向大乘精進,在娑婆世界的釋迦牟尼佛,覺得因緣成熟,時間不夠用,鼓勵大家要展開心胸,向菩薩道走。
 
但是,大通智勝佛的時代,十六王子,也是在過去長久的時間,經過了幾千萬億劫來供養,上求下化,現在這個時候已經真正了解了,在大通智勝佛的道場,請佛轉大乘法輪,是自動請佛轉大乘法輪,與我們娑婆世界,是釋迦佛鼓勵大家,要走入大菩提道。
 
用心去體會,娑婆世界眾生的根機,就是還未很敏銳,還是停滯,停滯在聲聞,守在緣覺,就是自覺,或者是獨善其身。這就是我們娑婆世界的眾生,還是這樣,其實,比較起來就是,十六沙彌,除了(在)大通智勝佛的過去,還有大通智勝佛的以後,還是(與)這些結緣眾,生生世世也是這樣講法,同樣的這樣地牽引我們。這些結緣眾也是很久的時間,卻是還是「恆住聲聞,守緣覺自獨善」,同樣還是這麼長久的時間,一直生生世世,也是這樣守在小乘法。現在再來到釋迦牟尼佛的道場,還需要釋迦牟尼佛鼓勵大家,鼓勵人人要走入大菩提道。
 
所以,希望人人要,「求佛知見至無上正等正覺」,這是佛陀來人間的目標,希望所教的弟子,人人能體會。這是要圓(滿)過去,已經彼此有所結緣,今生此世,釋迦牟尼佛已經成正覺了,所有的結緣眾,這個時候也應該要發大心、立大願的時刻,這是佛陀來人間一大事因緣。是啊!一大事的因緣,我們就要好好地把握。人間很需要,需要人人發大心、立大願,需要人人走入苦難的地方,去為他們付出,這也是一種布善種子,結大福緣。你們在誦《無量義經》,開頭就應該有誦到了。愛,用愛來布善種子,這就是我們大家要努力。(編按:「爾乃洪注無上大乘,潤漬眾生諸有善根,布善種子遍功德田。」《無量義經德行品第一》)
 
現在的土耳其,慈濟人也是在那個地方,在發揮如何布善種子,走入苦難人的家庭,因為他們已經在那個地方,昨天是第五天了。這第五天,前面已經發放了,後面就再回歸到他們的家庭。去訪視敘利亞家庭,來到土耳其這個地方,他們到底如何生活呢?人在他鄉的國度,尤其是自己的國家,受盡了人禍的摧毀,逃難來到土耳其,到底他們現在安住的家庭,是怎麼樣呢?(慈濟人)他們安排,發放之後,就去回訪,去看看他們,訪視一下。
 
他們所到的地方,都能看到慈濟送給他們的毯子;那件毯子(是)在土耳其,胡居士(胡光中)他們去訂(製)的毯子,他們是重新織過,織出來的毛毯,特製很厚、很大件,又印著慈濟的標誌,慈濟的logo。每個家庭都把有慈濟logo,這個標誌,他們這件毯子就這樣高高地,繩子牽起來,就掛在上面,讓我們看到每個家庭,都可以看到這件毯子,是慈濟送給他們的,這也是他們表示這分的感恩。
 
其中有一個家庭,這個家庭就是五個人,一對夫妻,三個孩子──二個兒子、一個女兒,年紀最大的兒子十三歲,第二是十一歲。這位先生來到土耳其,車禍了,所以不能工作,也無法工作了。這兩個兒子,一個十三歲,一個十一歲,安慰父親:「爸爸,您安心好好養病。家庭,我們能承擔起來,我們可以去當童工。」就這樣,這兩個孩子,就是去當童工了。
 
一個人賺七百五十元,兩人一千五百元(土幣里拉),這就是他們一家五口人的生活。而且他們要五百元付房租,他自己本身的受傷,現在每個月,要一百五十元的藥費,這就是他們的生活,剩下的才能生活,要扣掉六百多元,這樣過生活,這實在是很辛苦。還要繳水電費二百元,一千五百元扣掉房租五百元、扣掉藥費一百五十元,還扣掉水電費二百元,剩下的才是他們的生活(費),想,這生活是多麼難過的。
 
一個家庭,慈濟人能發現到,將(按照)這孩子打工的薪水,這樣補貼給這個家庭,這位先生非常的感恩,感恩家庭能生活下去,感恩。更感恩的就是孩子可以去讀書,這就是他非常的感恩。他說,他每天都用虔誠的心,來祈禱,感恩慈濟,這是他表達的心意。
 
胡居士他在這個家庭,就向大家補充解釋:他們來探訪時,問他:「孩子一個月可以賺多少錢?」這位先生回答他:「一個人六百五十元。」胡居士他補充解釋,他知道,這位先生知道慈濟要替他,兒子補助家庭的生活,孩子賺多少,我們就要給他多少,這位先生他就說少一點。其實孩子是賺七百五十元,但是他跟慈濟人說六百五十元。
 
後來胡居士就說:「孩子在工廠是七百五十元,你怎麼說六百五十元呢?」他說:「慈濟要幫助我,我已經很感恩了,我若能少拿一點,慈濟湊起來就能再幫助更多人。」將這樣的心意、這樣的故事呈現給慈濟人,慈濟人也很感恩,覺得這是一個很有志氣,志氣清高的一個好家庭。看家裡是這樣打掃得非常乾淨,很整齊,這孩子的教育,父親、母親坐在椅子上,孩子就是坐在地上,規矩就是這樣,很好的家庭。
 
說話之後,秋良,黃秋良居士就跟孩子說:「一時的困難不要埋怨,我過去……」他就說自己的故事,「過去我的家庭也是很困難,但是就是要努力,要努力讀書,要努力做人,將來也是有成功的日子。」走進人家的家庭,這樣一一去輔導,因為他們分成五組,要去探訪這麼多家庭,每一個家庭,都是很感動人的故事。人人都很自愛,他們有他們的信仰,他們有潔身自愛的戒律,一時遇到這麼大的困難,需要接受遠方來的這分愛,所以他們從內心的感恩。
 
這群菩薩也是,人間哪裡有苦難,就哪裡去幫助,同時,自己的行動,同時也能帶動更多人,這樣來一起投入,土耳其志工也紛紛投入了。這一波在土耳其,對慈濟的看法,再更上一層樓,了解雖然慈濟是佛教團體,卻是沒有宗教的分別,付出是誠意的,無所要求的,這分清淨的愛,他們樂於接受,安心接受,而且歡喜接受。他們的感恩,也是很虔誠的感恩,打從內心,內心的感動、感恩。
 
修菩薩行就是這樣過來,自度度他,自利利他。修學佛法,就是要向前前進,不是只守在聽法,光是聽法,知道道理,我們不願意去身體力行,只知道如何讓這片心地清淨,你卻是不願意去播種子。若這樣不播種子,光是在那裡一直耕田,你永遠都沒有收穫。你若肯播種子,一生無量。這就是《法華經》的精神,它的精髓在《無量義經》,就這樣跟我們說了。所以,常常在誦《無量義經》,等於是時時,都在行《法華經》的精神,吸收《法華經》的精神。
 
我們更要把握時間,走入人群,去實行法華無量義,身體力行這樣走過來。有走過來的那個心得,內心才有種子。相信他們現在第五天過去了,今天開始又要進入第六天了,每一天、每一天都在播種子,愛的力量在當地紛紛產生出來,發芽,播種子,也已經種子的芽也出來了。我們應該要見證,見證愛的力量,就是我們真如本性,那分最清淨無染的善種子,我們要讓它落土,才有辦法生根。
 
我們不斷說信根要深、要長,你若不落土,這顆種子根本就無法發芽,不會伸根,你要讓它有這個因緣,有土、有地,將種子放進土地中,自然它就會生根,自然它就會發芽。同樣的道理,聽法入心,就要深深埋在我們的心地,心地若能種子落地,這樣才能發芽。
 
就如過去我們種花生,花生,地整理好,讓土鬆了、犁溝,然後就是花生的種子種下去,還要用腳將土撥過來,一隻腳撥過來,兩腳撥過來,土夠厚了,還要再踩下去,踩緊。因為種子若沒有埋在土中,若是沒有踩下去,鳥就會來翻找,種子就會被叼走了。所以,種田要播種子,也要知道種子的性,也要知道種的方法,這就是要用功。
 
我們修行也一樣,我們修大乘行就是要這樣,就如種花生、種稻子,同樣的道理,否則它的根不伸,芽不長,這是我們修行,還是要好好吸收佛法,入我們的心,要深入,還要伸根,這是用心。
 
雖然佛陀長久的時間,是這樣過來,其實我們也是一樣,長久的時間,懵懵懂懂就是這樣過來,很可惜。但是佛他是生生世世不間斷,他在十六沙彌,在大通智勝佛的時代,要再與這些結緣眾讓他們成就,人人發大心、立大願,能與佛同等的知見,這就是佛的心,也就是我們應該要精進的方向。
 
前面的(經)文,我們看看前面的經文,「諸比丘!我等為沙彌時,各各教化無量百千萬億恆河沙等眾生。」
 
諸比丘
我等為沙彌時
各各教化
無量百千萬億
恆河沙等眾生
《法華經化城喻品第七
 
這是前面,釋迦牟尼佛敘述,他們在大通智勝佛的時代,十六沙彌各個,各人都有化度無量的,千萬億恆河沙的眾生,每一位沙彌都是這樣,展現出他們求大乘法的精神,也發揮了他們對大乘法的體悟。從大通智勝佛入靜室,他們向這些心有疑惑的人,解釋大乘法的道理,所結的緣有這麼多人,百千萬億恆河沙等的眾生,這樣生生世世,就是期待人人能了解,不只是了解,要發大心。
 
時間這麼長久,眾生剛強難調伏,我們就是這樣,還是糊里糊塗,生生世世,不由自己來到現在。佛陀已經過去二千多年了,不過我們現在,還能有佛法留在人間,佛的兩千多年(後) ,我們的現在,我們可知道這段時間,與佛同世,我們也聽過法;佛滅度之後,我們也不知經過幾生世,來到現在,此生此世,我們到底是不是有理解呢?
 
可能我們的無明、惑還是未除,所以我們現在聽法,還是一知半解。所以我們還有,未來很長久的路要走,而未來長久的路要走,就要我們現在自己趕快鋪,鋪這條路,走得愈長愈廣,我們所見所聞,了解佛陀所說的理,鋪在天下,天下眾生的生態,鋪在天下的大地道路給我們走,這條路要我們自己發現,我們要自己去修路,修出了這條路。正確的方向,路是要自己走,也要自己鋪。這個地理、方向,佛陀已經向我們說好了, 現在,路我們要鋪,路,我們要走。
 
下面這段(經)文再說,「從我聞法,為阿耨多羅三藐三菩提。此諸眾生,於今有住聲聞地者,我常教化阿耨多羅三藐三菩提。」
 
從我聞法
為阿耨多羅
三藐三菩提
此諸眾生
於今有住聲聞地者
我常教化阿耨多羅
三藐三菩提
《法華經化城喻品第七
 
前面所教他的,在大通智勝佛的時代,十六沙彌所教化,無量百千萬億眾生,是「從我聞法」。
 
從我聞法
為阿耨多羅
三藐三菩提:
從佛聞說大乘之法
為欲成就無上菩提
 
我一直一直這樣跟他們說法,生生世世都是為了,「阿耨多羅三藐三菩提」。我所為他們說的法也是這樣,希望人人都能得解,無上正等正覺的法。
 
「此諸眾生,於今有住聲聞地(者)」。這些眾生到現在,現在就是釋迦牟尼佛的時代,還是住在聲聞地。在聲聞地,我釋迦牟尼佛還是常常教化,希望他們能得「阿耨多羅三藐三菩提」,這就是我的目標,為一大事因緣。
 
所以「阿耨多羅三藐三菩提」,是佛陀期待人人能入法中,所以這個法就是大乘法。佛無時無刻,他的心懷就是希望,人人能體解大乘法,這是佛的本懷。但是根機無法接受,所以他就要用種種方法,這樣接引進來。所以無不都是說大乘法,「為欲成就無上菩提」。這個大乘法,希望成就所有的眾生,所得到的是無上正等覺。
 
所以「此諸眾生」,這些眾生就是,昔時大通智勝佛的道場,同樣與十六沙彌同時代,大通智勝佛所說的法,有的人了解,有的人還有疑惑。
 
此諸眾生:
昔時大通道埸
解疑除惑
所化恆沙之眾
 
十六沙彌為他們解除疑惑,所化度這些人,就是所化的恆河沙眾,這樣一直來到佛的道場,現在釋迦佛的道場,還停留在聲聞、緣覺的地位。
 
所以「於今有住聲聞地者」。
 
於今有住
聲聞地者:
至於今生
尚有退大
住於小乘聲聞
修法自利
位居小乘者
 
「至於今生,尚有退大」。不只是在聲聞、緣覺,守在這個位置,還有的人還是退失大乘的道心,不只是在聲聞守住,還是要說大乘法時,大家退席。看看佛陀開始允許舍利弗,說:「我豈得不說?汝已三請,我豈得不說?」所以開始要說,五千人退席,大乘法要開啟,談何容易啊!
 
所以,聲聞這樣獨善其身,聽到大乘法,就這樣退失,退大。所以「住於小乘聲聞修法自利,位居小乘者」。與佛的時代,釋迦牟尼佛的時代,同樣這樣,寧願退席,寧願就是要當聲聞,不願意成佛,就是這樣。他對自己沒有信心,所以,退這個大乘的菩提道心。
 
「我常教化阿耨多羅,三藐三菩提」。
 
我常教化阿耨多羅
三藐三菩提:
為機緣故
說種種法
然如來意
但為佛乘
諸有所作常為一事
故曰:我常教化
 
釋迦佛說:我常常就是這樣說,從大通智勝佛(時) ,就是這樣說,一直種種的方法教化,聽了,就是這樣,還是停滯在那個地方,就是不願意向前前進。這樣的眾生,真的是很頑劣的眾生,就是大多數。
 
「為機緣(故)」。佛陀,釋迦牟尼佛,常常這樣在教化無上正等覺,眾生卻是同樣,還是守在聲聞、緣覺。這個機緣,這些頑劣的眾生,所以佛陀不得重新,不斷重新講說這種,適應眾生根機的法,所以要「說種種法」。如來的意,就是只為佛性,就是要人人成佛,但是眾生的根機就是這樣,所以佛陀不得不還是隨機,但是這不是佛的本意,佛的本意是希望人人成佛。所以「諸有所作,常為一事」。佛陀所要做的事情,就是希望人人,能得阿耨多羅三藐三菩提,期待人人都能成正覺。
 
所以,他才說,佛陀說「我常教化」。我這樣一直教化,一而再,再而三,跟你說就是這樣,你怎麼又這樣?常常這樣說,怎麼還……,很累。不過,佛陀也不能喊累,因為一大事因緣,這是佛佛道同的心願,一個眾生他都不要漏掉,所以必定要有這樣的耐心,發弘誓願,種大因,不斷就是這樣。但是有的眾生聽法,很好,大乘法將來就是入人群度眾生,然後成佛,人人都願意、歡喜。不過,就是種了此善因之後,中間又退失,退失大心,又向小乘走,這就是眾生。
 
發弘誓種大因之後
中間退大向小
住聲聞獨覺位
佛常教化大乘
諸人應以大乘之法
入群度眾
漸入佛道
 
就如剛才說,要種花生就是要犁開土,土先犁開,花生的種子種下去,用腳撥過來,土蓋在種子上,腳還要踩緊它。為什麼呢?擔心這顆種子被鳥叼走,失去了這顆種子。所以要不斷去巡視,花生如果種下去之後,還要巡視到它發芽之後,芽長出來了,這樣才算安心。花生長大了,去挖時,光是一顆花生種子,你挖起來就是一大把,算一算到底有幾顆花生?五六十顆,這五六十顆是五六十個豆莢。但是一個莢的花生,有多數是兩粒,也有不少是三粒、四粒。
 
所以,一莢的花生,(若)它有四顆種子,那是從一粒種子種下去,挖起來有四五十個莢。你想,要是一莢,平均有兩粒、三粒,你就知道一粒複生幾百粒、幾千粒、幾萬粒,不斷輾轉。這就是在耕耘,只要我們的道心堅固,我們累生累世,我們所結的結緣眾,也會愈來愈多。
 
這就是說道心要堅固,不要當中漏失了,這樣就很可惜。
 
「中間退大向小」,實在是很可惜,所以還是永遠都在聲聞、獨覺的位置。這是佛很無奈,很不捨,但是佛絕對不放棄,所以「佛常教化大乘」,不論你是怎樣的鈍劣,我還是耐心教育,生生世世教育。
 
所以「諸人應以大乘之法,入群度眾,漸入佛道」。希望人人能好好用心,好好發心,立弘誓願。人人若能發心,立弘誓願,自然大乘的佛法就慢慢成長,入人群中,愈來愈能培養這分愛心,感覺生命中的價值就是這樣的付出,慢慢就成長。
 
接下來這段(經)文再說,「是諸人等應以是法漸入佛道所以者何?如來智慧,難信難解。」
 
是諸人等
應以是法漸入佛道
所以者何
如來智慧難信難解
《法華經化城喻品第七
 
要用這個法,這樣一步一步入佛道,我們要很用心去體會,也就是說「諸聲聞眾」,這些聲聞眾現在是佛的聲音,入他們的耳中,但是我們要知道,聲聞的法雖然聽進去,若能聽法就會有進步,有聲音入他們的心,自然用耐心一步一步來引導。
 
「所以者何?如來智慧」,如來用智慧這樣漸漸來誘引他,因為佛,佛理很深,難解,所以佛陀必定要用心用法,來為他們解釋。因為道理很深,難怪大家聽不懂,所以佛陀他就要用長久的心,因為眾生的根,還是還未長、還未深。佛的道理實在是很深,所以難解,佛才需要發揮他的智慧,要耐心、愛心,要長情,永遠永遠不放棄,這就是佛,他都了解眾生的根機。佛的知見,因為知道,這實在是很深奧的道理,要能體會一般凡夫的心,或者是根淺的人,還是很難。
 
所以這種「難信難解」,「一念心明,即成佛道」。
 
難信難解:
一念心明
即成佛道
功高難信
圓頓大教
說佛知見
義深難解
徵釋退住之意
 
其實,就是我們無明,只要我們一念心明,就能成佛道,本來一念就能了解佛的道理,卻是我們眾生的根機沒辦法,所以必定要用功,要用功,但是要能內修外行,能到達圓頓大教全都了解,這必定要用很高的功夫,要發無上心。
 
無上心,求佛知見,要求佛知見就要用功,因為我們要發無上心,無上心是至高無上,這念心就要下功夫。至高無上,當然,要去了解佛知、佛見,不是那麼容易,所以,「說佛知見,義深難解」。要說出佛的知見,實在是義深難解,難怪眾生要了解,真的不容易。
 
所以,我們要來解釋釋迦牟尼佛的法也是很困難,何況我們要接受的人更加困難。這就是解釋,為什麼會退住在聲聞呢?因為難知難解。
 
雖然佛是「下大種」,用很大,希望大因大緣,讓人人能了解,但是還是難解,佛的智慧還是難解,所以退大向小。
 
雖下大種
緣佛慧難解
所以退大而向小
以今觀之
幸聞大法不無宿因
安知吾徒
非智勝之遺塵
若能勤進其庶幾乎
 
以現在來看,那就是聞大法,現在我們能聽到大法,都是有宿世的因緣。過去無量劫前,宿世的因緣,我們既然有這樣的因緣,只是我們的根機較淺薄,只是我們的無明較厚,不過我們要很慶幸,我們現在還能聽到大法。
 
就如大通智勝佛說大法,大家的疑惑一樣,接下來有十六沙彌,來代替佛回答解釋,(為)那些有疑惑的人。有疑惑的人聽完之後,也「知道!知道!」不過「知道!知道!」「有信,了解了!」但是還未真正體解,只是「信」和「解」而已,還未真正體解。所以我們還未體解的眾生,生生世世到現在,再聽大法,真的是「幸聞大法」。
 
我們現在已經再聽到大法,「不無宿因」,大家都有宿世的因緣,所以我們豈「安知吾徒」,非大通智勝佛所遺留下來,塵點劫以前那時候我們聽法,在那個道場,我們難道不會想到我們就是,在那個時候的結緣眾嗎?
 
「若能勤進,其庶幾乎」。好好去精進,這樣我們應該沒有什麼困難,不用很長久的時間,我們聽了,應該慢慢能入。其實,我們都是在那時候的結緣眾,同道場、同修、同精進的人,一時的懈怠,失念,又再漏落五道四生輪迴,一直到現在,又聽到大乘法。所以我們要很用心,不要讓它再漏失了,要時時多用心。


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Explanations by Master Cheng-Yan
Subject: Causes of Past Lives Allow Us to Listen to Dharma (種宿因聞大法)
Date: April.14.2017

“For long and distant kalpas, they had constantly listened to the sound of the Buddha’s teachings. Entering the Buddha’s understanding and views, they walked toward the great, direct Bodhi-path. Others constantly abided in the state of Hearers or remained as Solitary Realizers who benefit only themselves. Now seeking the Buddha’s understanding and views they reach supreme, universal enlightenment.”

We should try to comprehend that dust-inked kalpas ago, in Great Unhindered Wisdom Superior Buddha’s era, Sakyamuni Buddha was one of the 16 princes. Great Unhindered Wisdom Superior Buddha was again describing the 16 novices’ past, how they had made offerings to so many Buddhas. In this way they have continually sought the Dharma and transformed others, gathering in one place with many Bodhisattvas and forming good affinities with many sentient beings. For long and distant kalpas they sought the Dharma and transformed others in this way, until the time of Great Unhindered Wisdom Superior Buddha. They formed great aspirations and made great vows in hopes of hearing the Buddha expound the Great Vehicle Dharma. They sought the Buddha’s understanding and views; they hoped to have the same understanding and views as the Buddha. They were hoping to enter the great, direct Bodhi-path, to practice the Bodhisattva-path. This was their wish.

This was like when Sakyamuni Buddha taught in the Saha World and patiently guided people. Only after 42 years did He begin hoping they would open up their hearts, and advance toward the path of the Great Vehicle. When in the Saha World Sakyamuni Buddha felt that causes and conditions had matured [enough], that He was running out of time, He encouraged everyone to open up their hearts and walk toward the Bodhisattva-path. But, by Great Unhindered Wisdom Superior’s era, the 16 princes had already spent a very long time, several trillion kalpas, making offerings, seeking the Dharma and transforming others. Now, at this time, they had truly understood. At Great Unhindered Buddha’s place of enlightenment, they asked Him to turn the Great Dharma-wheel. They took initiative in requesting that the Buddha turn the Great Vehicle Dharma-wheel. However, in our Saha World, it was Sakyamuni Buddha who encouraged everyone to enter the great Bodhi-path and mindfully experience it. In the Saha World, sentient beings’ capabilities were still not very sharp, so they stopped at the state of Hearers and Solitary Realizers, who only sought their own awakening or only to benefit themselves. This is what sentient beings in our Saha World are still like.

Actually, this compares to what the 16 novices did. In addition to the time they spent in the past during Great Unhindered Buddha’s era, afterwards they continued teaching the Dharma life after life to those who had created affinities with them. In this way, they continually guided them. Even after a very long time, these associators “constantly abided in the state of Hearers or remained as Solitary Realizers who benefit only themselves.” They continued, for a very long period of time, lifetime after lifetime, to uphold the Small Vehicle Dharma. Now they were at Sakyamuni’s place of enlightenment, and they still needed Him to encourage everyone to enter the great Bodhi-path. So, He hoped everyone would “seek the Buddha’s understanding and views” and “reach supreme, universal enlightenment.” This was the Buddha’s goal in coming to the world. He hoped the disciples He taught could all comprehend [the Dharma]. This would fulfill the past karmic conditions they had formed together. Now that in this life Sakyamuni Buddha had already attained perfect enlightenment, all of His associators should at this time also form great aspirations and make great vows. This was the Buddha’s one great cause in coming to the world.

Indeed! This was His one great cause, so we must earnestly seize it. The world really needs everyone to form great aspirations and make great vows, to go into places of suffering and help people. This too is a way of sowing of seeds of goodness and forming blessed affinities. When we recite the Sutra of Infinite Meanings, in the beginning we chanted about this. Love is what we use to sow the seeds of goodness. This is what we must work very hard to do.

Right now in Turkey, Tzu Chi volunteers are there sowing seeds of goodness by going into the homes of the suffering. They have already gone to that place. Yesterday was their fifth day. By their fifth day, they had already distributed aid to them, so they are now going into their homes. They visited these Syrian families. Once [these refugees] arrived in Turkey, what were their lives like? Living in a country not their own, especially after their own country was so devastated by a manmade calamity that they had to escape to Turkey, how were their living conditions after settling down? [Tzu Chi volunteers] made arrangements to visit these families after the aid distribution. They went to visit their homes. Everywhere they went, they saw the blankets Tzu Chi had given them. These were blankets for Turkey that Mr. Hu had specially ordered. These blankets were rewoven blankets so that they were especially thick and very large and imprinted with Tzu Chi symbol, Tzu Chi’s logo. Every family took the Tzu Chi logo, this symbol, and hund this blanket up high. Using ropes, each had hung it up so that when we visit each family we could see this blanket that we had given them. This was their way of showing gratitude.

One of these families was a family of five people, a married couple and their three children, two sons and one daughter. The older son was 13 years old, and the younger son was 11 years old. After this man had arrived in Turkey, a car accident left him unable to work. It was impossible for him to work. These two sons, one 13 and one 11, consoled their father “Dad, please focus on getting well. We will take care of the family. We will find work”. So, these two children went to find work as laborers. Each person earned 750 lira. Together they earned 1500 lira. This family of five lived on this income. But actually, their rent was 500 lira per month, and their father, having been injured, had to each month pay 150 lira for medical expenses. So, they lived on what was left that, after deducting more than 600 lira. Living this way was a great hardship. Water and electricity cost another 200 lira. From 1500 lira, 500 went to rent, 150 lira went to medical expenses and then another 200 lira to utilities. They had to live on what was left after all that. Think about how difficult life must be for this family! When Tzu Chi volunteers discovered this, they subsidized the family with the same amount. That the children earned from work. The father was extremely grateful. He was grateful that his family could survive and even more grateful that his children could go to school. This was why he was extremely grateful. He said that each day, with a heart of reverence, he prayed and gave thanks for Tzu Chi. Thus he expressed his sincerity. Mr. Hu had met this family, and he told us that when they went to visit, they asked the father how much his children earned per month. The father answered, “Each person earns 650 lira. Mr. Hu explained this man knew that Tzu Chi was going to cover the family expenses on the children’s behalf, that the amount his children earned was what we were going to give them, so he gave us a smaller amount. The children actually earned 750 lira, but he told the Tzu Chi volunteers 650 lira. Mr. Hu later said to him, “Your children earn 750 lira at the factory, why did you say 650?” he said, “That Tzu Chi is willing to help me, I already feel very grateful. If I took a little less, then Tzu Chi could help even more people. This was the sincerity he showed and the story to Tzu Chi volunteers. Tzu Chi volunteers were also very grateful. They felt that this was a family with great aspirations, with moral integrity. They saw how clean they kept their home; it was very tidy. With the way they taught the children, the father and mother sat on chairs, and the children sat on the floor. This was their rule. They were a very good family. Father talking [to the parents], Mr. Huang Qiuliang to the children, “Do not complain about momentary hardships. In the past, I …”. He then told them his own story. “In the past, my family had a hard life, too. But I worked hard. Work hard in your studies, work hard at being a good person; then in the future you will succeed one day”. The volunteers went into people’s homes and counseled them one by one like this. they had to split into five groups because there were so many families to visit. Each family was a very moving story. Everyone had self-respect they had their own [religious] beliefs, and their own discipline of self-respect. In facing such tremendous difficulties, they needed this love that came from so far away. So, they were deeply grateful.

As for this group of Bodhisattva [-volunteers], wherever there is suffering in the world, they will go there to help. At the same time, their actions inspire even more people to join them. Local Turkish volunteers began to join them. With this wave of assistance, in Turkey people’s opinion of Tzu Chi went up another level. They understood that even though Tzu Chi is a Buddhist organization, we do not differentiate based on religion. We give of ourselves with sincerity, without expecting anything in return. This kind of pure love they are happy to accept. They accept it without worries and even accept it joyfully. Their gratitude was a very sincere gratitude. From deep in their hearts, they were very moved, very grateful.

This is the way to practice the Bodhisattva-path, transforming oneself and transforming others, benefiting oneself and benefiting others. In learning and practicing the Buddha-Dharma, we must move forward diligently, not just keep listening to the Dharma. If all we do is listen, but are unwilling to put them into practice We only know how to purify the ground of the mind, but we are not unwilling to sow seeds. If we do not sow seeds and all we do is plow the field, then we will never reap a harvest. When we are willing to sow seeds, one will give rise to infinity. This is the spirit of the Lotus Sutra. Its essence is in the Sutra of Infinite Meanings; it was already revealed to us. So, we often chant the Sutra of Infinite Meanings because that is the same as constantly [actualizing] the spirit of the Lotus Sutra, absorbing the essence of the Lotus Sutra. We should moreover seize this time to go among people and actualize the teachings of these two sutras and have the experience of putting them into practice. Only with realization from that experience will we have these seeds in our minds. I believe that, throughout the first five days and when they enter their sixth day, every day they are sowing seeds. The power of love is arising in that place. The seeds are sprouting; the seeds they sowed are already sprouting. We should witness to this, testify to the power of love. This is our nature of True Suchness, that very pure and undefiled seed of goodness. We must plant it in the ground so that it will be able to take root.

We constantly say that our roots of faith must grow long and deep. If we do not plant it, the seed will have no way of sprouting or growing roots. We must provide these causes and conditions, with soil, with earth. When we sow a seed in the ground, naturally it will grow roots, naturally it will sprout. By the same principles, when we listen to the Dharma and take it to heart, we must plant it deeply in the ground of our mind. Only when a seed is sown in the ground of the mind will it be able to sprout.

This is like when we used to plant peanuts. We would prepare the ground by loosening the soil and creating furrows. Then after we planted the peanut seeds, we had to sweep dirt over them with our feet. We sweep the dirt with one foot then the other until the dirt on top is thick enough. Then we must stomp down very firmly. If we do not bury them under a lot of dirt, if we do not stomp down on the dirt firmly, the birds will dig through the soil and snatch up the seeds. So, when we plant the seeds in the field, we must also know the nature of the seed and the proper planting methods. We have to do our homework.

The same applies to our spiritual practice. Practicing the Great Vehicle is the same way. It is like planting peanuts, planting rice. It is the same principle. Otherwise the seed will not grow roots or produce sprouts. Thus in our spiritual practice, we must earnestly absorb the Buddha-Dharma and take it deeply into our hearts and help it take root. This takes mindfulness.

The Buddha did this for a very long time, and actually we have too. For a very long time, we have lived in this state of confusion; that is a great pity. But the Buddha has continued [teachings us], life after life. Since He was among the 16 novices in Great Unhindered Wisdom Superior’s era, He has wanted these associators to succeed in forming great aspirations and making great vows to have understanding and views equal to the Buddha’s. This is the Buddha’s intent and the direction we should advance in.

Let us look at the previous passage. “Bhiksus, when we were novices, we each taught and transformed countless billions and trillions of sentient beings, as many as the Ganges’ sands.”

In this previous passage, Sakyamuni Buddha described how in Great Unhindered Wisdom Superior Buddha’s era, each of the 16 novices transformed countless billions and trillions of sentient beings, as many as the Ganges’ sands. Each novice, in this way, revealed his aspirations of seeking the Great Vehicle Dharma and applied his realization of the Great Vehicle Dharma. From the time Great Unhindered Buddha entered His meditation room, they addressed those with doubts and confusion and explained the principle of the Great Vehicle. They formed affinities with so many people, billions, trillions of sentient beings, as many as the sands of the Ganges. Lifetime after lifetime, they hoped everyone would understand and not just have understanding but form great aspirations. They spent such a long time.

Sentient beings are stubborn and hard to train. We are this way, still in this state of confusion. After many lifetimes, without any control, we have ended up in this era. The Buddha is 2000-plus years removed from us. But right now we still have the Buddha-Dharma in the world. 2000-plus years after the Buddha’s Parinirvana, we are living in the present perhaps we had lived in the Buddha’s era and listened to the Dharma. After the Buddha entered Parinirvana, there is no telling how many lifetimes we have lived before this current lifetime. Have we actually understood [the Dharma]? Perhaps our ignorance and confusion still have not been eliminated. So, as we listen to the Dharma now, we still only have a partial understanding. Thus, we still have far to go on this road. Thus, we still have far to go on this road. As for this long road ahead of us, we should quickly begin to pave it ourselves. We pave it so that it becomes broader the further we go. With what we see and hear, our understanding of the principles taught by the Buddha, we pave this road in the world. Sentient beings and the way they live pave this wide road for us to walk. We must discover this road for ourselves and repair it ourselves so that it goes in the correct direction. We must qalk this road ourselves and also pave it ourselves. The lay of the land and direction have already been provided to us by the Buddha. Now, it is up to us to pave the road; it is up to walk on this road.

The next passage states, “They listened to the Dharma from me in order to attain Anuttara-samyak-sambodhi. Of these many sentient beings, today there are some who abide at the stage of Hearers. I always teach and transform them so they can attain Anuttara-samyak-sambodhi”.

Those taught and transformed earlier, in Great Unhindered Wisdom Superior’s era, those taught and transformed by the 16 novices, were countless trillions of sentient beings who “listened to the Dharma from me.

They listened to the Dharma from me in order to attain Anuttara-samyak-sambodhi: From the Buddha they heard the teaching of the Great Vehicle, for they desired to achieve Bodhi.

I continually taught them the Dharma like this lifetime after lifetime so they might attain Anuttara-samyak-sambodhi. The Dharma I taught them was like this. I hope that everyone could comprehend supreme, universal and perfect enlightenment. Of these many sentient beings, [today some] abide at the stage of Hearers. These sentient beings are here now, “now” being Sakyamuni Buddha’s era, They are still abiding at the stage of Hearers. “They are in the stage of Hearers. I, Sakyamuni, still teach and transform them in the hope they would attain Anuttara-samyak-sambodhi. This is my goal. This is my one great cause so, attaining Anuttara-samyak-sambodhi is why the Buddha hoped everyone would enter the Dharma.

So, this Dharma was the Great Vehicle Dharma. The Buddha, in every moment, hoped in His heart that everyone could comprehend the Great Vehicle Dharma. This was the Buddha’s original intent but they did not have the capabilities for this, so He had to use all kinds of methods in order to draw them in. everything He did was to teach the Great Vehicle Dharma, for they desire to achieve supreme Bodhi. With the Great Vehicle Dharma, He hope to help all sentient beings succeed and attain supreme, perfect, universal enlightenment. So, there were “many sentient beings, sentient beings who “in the past” were at the Dharma-assembly of Great Unhindered Buddha and at the same as the 16 novices. The Dharma taught by Great Unhindered Buddha were understood by some people, but others still had doubts and confusion.

Of these many sentient beings: in the past, at the Dharma-assembly of Great Unhindered Buddha, [the novices] resolved doubts and removed delusions for the beings, as many as the Ganges’ sand, whem they transformed.

The 16 novices helped them resolve their doubts and confusion. Those they taught and transformed, these beings as numerous as the Ganges’ sands, have come to the Buddha’s place of enlightenment. Now, at Sakyamuni Buddha’s Dharma-assembly, some were still in the stage of Hearers and Solitary Realizers. So, “Today there are some who abide at the stage of Hearers”.

Today there are some who abide at the stage of Hearers: Even up into this lifetime there are still those who retreated from the Great Vehicle and abide in the Small Vehicle as Hearers. They practice the Dharma to benefit themselves and dwell in the Small Vehicle.

Even up into this lifetime there are still those who retreated from the Great Vehicle. Not only did these Hearers and Solitary Realizers remain in these stages, they retreated from their spiritual aspirations to practice the Great Vehicle. Not only did they remain in the stage of Hearers, when the Great Vehicle Dharma was taught, they left the assembly.

See how when the Buddha consented to Sariputra’s request, He said, “How can I not teach it? Three times you have implored me. How could I not teach it?” when He began teaching it, 5000 people left the assembly. Opening up the Great Vehicle Dharma is easier said than done. Since Hearers seek only to benefit themselves, when they heard the Great Vehicle Dharma, they left; they retreated from the Great. So, “They abide in the Small Vehicle as Hearers. They practice the Dharma to benefit themselves and swell in the Small Vehicle. In the Buddha’s era, Sakyamuni Buddha’s era, there were similarly those who would rather leave. They preferred to remain Hearers and were unwilling to attain Buddhahood. It was like this. they had no faith in themselves, so they retreated from their Great Vehicle Bodhi-aspirations. “I always teach and transform them so they can attain Anuttara-samyak-sambodhi”.

I always teach and transform them so they can attain Anuttara-samyak-sambodhi: to suit capabilities and karmic conditions, he taught all kinds of Dharma. However, the Tathagata’s intent was only to teach the Buddha Vehicle. All He had done was always for this one cause. Thus it is said: I always teach and transform.

Sakyamuni Buddha said, “I always teach in this way”. From Great Unhindered Buddha’s time, He has taught in this way, taught and transformed with all kinds of methods. After hearing the teachings, some were like this; they remained in that stage and were unwilling to diligently move forward. Sentient beings like this are truly stubborn; the majority of them are. “To suit capabilities and karmic conditions,” the Buddha, Sakyamuni Buddha, constantly taught and transformed them so they could attain supreme, universal enlightenment. Yet sentient beings continued to remain in the state of Hearers, Solitary Realizers. Because of the conditions and capabilities of these unyielding sentient beings, the Buddha always had to begin again, to constantly repeating these teachings that suited sentient beings’ capacities.

So, He had to teach “all kinds of Dharma”. The Tathagata’s intent was always [to awaken] their Buddha-nature, for everyone to attain Buddhahood. But sentient beings’ capabilities were this way, so the Buddha had to continue adapting to them. But this was not the Buddha’s original intent. His original intent was for everyone to attain Buddhahood. “All He had done was always for this one cause”. The Buddha did what He did in the hope that everyone could attain Anuttara-samyak-sambodhi. He hoped that everyone would attain perfect enlightenment. “I always teach and transform. I am always teaching and transforming, over and over, again and again. I keep telling you this; why do you deep doing that?” He kept teaching them, but they remained the same; this was very tiring. However, He could not complain about being tired. This was His one great cause; all Buddhas share this same path, this same wish. He would not leave a single sentient being behind, so He had to have this kind of patience to make the great vows and plant great causes. He continuously did this. But some sentient beings listened to the Dharma and found it wonderful. With the Great Vehicle Dharma, in the future they will go among people to transform them and then attain Buddhahood. Everyone was willing and happy, but after planting seeds of goodness, they retreated halfway. They retreated from their great aspirations and again returned to the Small Vehicle. This is how sentient beings are.

After making the great vows, planting great seeds, halfway they retreated from the Great and turned to the Small, abiding at the stage of Hearers and Solitary Realizers. The Buddha always taught the Great Vehicle. All people should apply Great Vehicle teachings to work with others and transform them, thus gradually entering the path to Buddhahood.

This is like what I said about tilling the soil in order to plant peanuts. We must first make furrows in the soil, plant the peanut seeds and then use our feet to sweep dirt over them before stomping firmly on them. Why? We were afraid the birds would take them and we would lose these seeds. So, we have to continually keep watch over them. After the peanut seeds are planted, we keep an eye on them until they sprout. After they sprouted, we could stop worrying. When the peanuts mature, when we dig them up, one single peanut seed is now a long strand of peanuts. Let us count, how many peanuts do we have? 50, 60. We have 50 to 60 pods. However, a peanut pod often contain two peanuts inside, sometimes even three or four. So, a peanut pod can have up to four peanuts. From a single seed planted in the ground, when we dig it up we have 40, 50 pods. Think about it, if one pod has an average of two or three peanuts inside, then imagine how one can give rise to hundreds, thousands, tens of thousands of peanuts. This is a continuous cycle. This happens with cultivation. As long as our spiritual aspirations are firm, in lifetime after lifetime the associators we form affinities with will increase more and more in number. This means our will to practice must be firm; we must not lose it halfway. That would be a pity. “Halfway they retreated from the Great and turned to the Small”. Indeed that was a pity. So, they always remained at the stage of Hearers and Solitary Realizers. The Buddha felt helpless and sad about this, but He would never give up on them.

So, “The Buddha always taught the Great Vehicle. No matter your dull capabilities, stubbornness. I will continue to patiently teach you. Lifetime after lifetime I will teach you”. So, “All people should apply Great Vehicle teachings to work with others and transform them, thus gradually entering the path to Buddhahood”. He hoped everyone would earnestly be mindful, would earnestly form great aspirations and make the great vows. If everyone could form great aspirations and make the great vows, naturally they could gradually mature in the Great Vehicle Dharma. By going among people, they continue to cultivate a loving heart and [begin] to feel that the value of their life comes from giving to others in this way. Gradually, they grow.

The next section again says, “These people and others should apply this Dharma to gradually enter the path to Buddhahood. Why is this so? The Tathagata’s wisdom is” “hard to believe and hard to understand”.

We must apply this Dharma to enter the path to Buddhahood step by step. We must mindfully comprehend it. This is like “all Hearers in the assembly”. These Hearers are hearing the Buddha’s voice; the sound has entered their ears. But we should know that even though the Hearers have heard the Dharma, listening to it [does not guarantee] advancement. After the sound entered their minds, naturally He would patiently guide them step by step. “Why is this so? The Tathagata’s wisdom…”. The Tathagata applied His wisdom to gradually draw them in. Because the Buddha’s principles are so profound and difficult to understand, He had to mindfully make use of the Dharma to explain it to them. Because the principles are so deep, no wonder no one could understand them. So, the Buddha had to use a long-term mindset. Because sentient beings’ roots had not yet grown that long or that deep and the Buddha’s principles were truly profound, they had difficulty understanding. This is why the Buddha had to exercise wisdom and have patience and love. With long-lasting compassion, He never gives up. This was what the Buddha was like. He understood sentient beings’ capabilities. With His understanding and views, He knew these principles were truly deeply profound and that the minds of ordinary people or people with shallow roots would find them very difficult to understand. So, these were “hard to believe and hard to understand. When the mind is clear, one can immediately attain Buddhahood”.

Hard to believe and hard to understand: When the mond is clear, one can immediately attain Buddhahood. With a high level of mastery, one can reach the hard –to-believe perfect and immediate great teachings. In teaching the Buddha’s understanding and views, the meaning is profound and hard to understand. This explains the meaning of their retreating and abiding.

Actually, this is because we lack clarity. When our minds are clear, we can attain Buddhahood. Originally, our mind could understand the Buddha’s principles; it is just that we are unable to with our [present] capabilities. So, we must put in hard work. To have inner cultivation and outer practice and achieve understanding of the perfect and immediate great teachings requires very advanced skills. We must form supreme aspiration, which is seeking the Buddha’s understanding and view. Seeking the Buddha’s understanding and views requires hard work. Because we form supreme aspirations, supreme and unsurpassed aspirations, this requires hard work that is supreme and unsurpassed. Of course, understanding the Buddha’s understanding and views is not at all easy. “In teaching the Buddha’s understanding and views the meaning is profound and hard to understand”. In teaching the Buddha’s understanding and views the meaning is profound and hard to understand. No wonder for sentient beings to understand it is so difficult. So, for us to explain the teachings of Sakyamuni Buddha is very difficult, not to mention for people to accept it. This explains why so many retreat and abide in the state of Hearers. Because it is difficult to understand. Though the Buddha “planted great seeds,” which have great uses, and He hoped great causes and great conditions would help people to be able to understand, it was still difficult for them to understand. The Buddha’s wisdom was still hard to understand. So, they retreated from the Great toward the Small.

Though great seeds had been planted, the Buddha’s wisdom was hard to comprehend they therefore retreated from the Great toward the Small. Reflecting on today, the fact that we are fortunate to hear the Great Dharma is not without past causes How do we know that we are not the remaining assembly from Wisdom Superior? If we can advance diligently, perhaps we can understand the Buddha’s wisdom.

The way we see it now, we are listening to the Great Dharma. Our being able to hear the Great Dharma now resulted from causes and conditions of past lives, karma from lives countless kalpas in the past. We have these causes and conditions, it is just that our capabilities are shallow, that our ignorance is thick. Nevertheless. we should be very glad that we can still listen to the Great Dharma. When Great Unhindered taught the Dharma, people still had doubts and confusion. Afterwards, the 16 novices answered and explained on the Buddha’s behalf to those with doubts and confusion. After those people finished listening, they also said, “I know, I know”. Though they said they knew, though they had faith and understanding, they still did not truly comprehend. They only had faith and understanding, they had not yet truly comprehended. So, we sentient beings who have yet to fully comprehend, In lifetime after lifetime until today, can listen to the Great Dharma again. We truly are” fortunate to hear the Great Dharma”. Our listening to the Great Dharma now ” is not without past causes”. Everyone has past causes and conditions. So, “how do we know that we are” not the assembly remaining from the time of Great Unhindered Wisdom Superior Buddha? Dust –inked kalpas ago, we listened to the Dharma in that place of enlightenment. Don’t we imagine ourselves to be one of the associators who formed affinities at that time? “If we can advance diligently, perhaps we can understand the Buddha’s wisdom”. If we earnestly move forward, then we should really not have many difficulties. It will not take a very long time. Having heard, we should gradually begin to enter. Actually, all of us were among the associators at the same. We were at the same place, practiced together. We advanced together. In a moment of indolence, we lost our aspirations and again fell into samaras in the Five Realms and four forms of birth up until today when we heard the Great Vehicle Dharma again. So, we must be very mindful not to allow it to leak away again. Let us always be mindful

(Source: Da Ai TV – Wisdom at Dawn program – Explanation by Master Chen-Yen)
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