Explanations by Master Cheng-Yan
Subject: Inspiring People by Hiding Understanding (隱明示暗 鼓舞人心)
Date: July. 05, 2013
Spiritual practice is related to time and our daily living. In life, people interact with each other and help one another succeed. This is also part of our spiritual practice of being good people. So it is said that when the Buddha was alive, He also lived in a monastic community. The way He lived and the Dharma He expounded also illustrate how important it is to respect each other when we are in a group. The Lotus Sutra was expounded at Vulture Peak. Before the Buddha expounded the Dharma, this assembly was already quite spectacular. Bodhisattvas, bhiksus, Arhats, and even the eight classes of Dharma-protectors had gathered at this spiritual assembly. There were countless beings at Vulture Peak. Before the Buddha expounded the Lotus Sutra, the assembly gathered and He began expounding the Sutra of Infinite Meanings. Then He finished. In the past, once a sutra was taught completely, everyone would joyfully pay respect and withdraw. But the Buddha began to enter Samadhi. As soon as the Buddha entered Samadhi, they saw that His appearance was very dignified. A ray of light radiated from between His brows. There appeared to be of a ray of light coming from between His eyebrows. Last time I mentioned that when the Buddha was expounded the sutra, the light of the dawn, as the sun was rising, concentrated on the Buddha’s face. He manifested a transformed appearance. This appearance was truly magnificent. Moreover, different people saw His appearance differently. Seeing that brightness and sense of freedom, everyone felt joy and inspiration in their hearts. Everyone was inspired and joyful, but they did not know what the light meant. What kind of wondrous Dharma was it? There must be a meaning behind it. “There must be some principle in it” was the thought that everyone shared. But they did not know what the principle was.
So, everyone really wanted to ask questions. This is called yearning for the Dharma; everyone eagerly awaited the Dharma, which the Buddha would expound. But the Buddha still just sat there, continued to radiate light and manifest the transformed appearance. So many people were waiting. Maitreya Bodhisattva understood this frame of mind. He was one of the Bodhisattvas who assisted Sakyamuni Buddha in teaching in the world. So at this assembly, Maitreya Bodhisattva recognized the Buddha’s appearance. The Buddha considered that people had been listening to the Dharma for the past 40-plus years, so they might be tired and may have become lazy and less diligent.Since the Buddha was about to expound great Dharma, He changed His appearance to heighten everyone’s desire to seek [the Dharma].He inspired their diligence so they would shake off their tiredness and laziness.This was the Buddha’s intention as He was about to expound the Lotus Sutra.
Maitreya Bodhisattva surely understood this.How could he help the Buddha, who was in Samadhi, initiate this opportunity?So he looked around purposefully, saw everyone and sensed, “You all have questions.”“Yes, then, I have questions as well.”This was Maitreya “using skillful means to hide understanding and manifest lack of knowledge.”Maitreya Bodhisattva already understood, but he wanted to complement the Buddha and inspire everyone.So he said, “I do not know either.”If he had said, “I know why the Buddha is like this.Let me answer on His behalf, then the Buddha would not have to expound Dharma.”So he had to “manifest a lack of knowledge” and “hide understanding,” hide what he knew.“Using skillful means, he hid his understanding and manifested a lack of knowledge.”He understood the Buddha’s intention, and so the mind of the sage complemented that of the noble being.
Thus, he hid his understanding and said, “I do not know either.”Skillful means are provisional.
Saying “I do not know.” Was a skillful mean to allow the great teachings to be taught.So, “proper desire gave rise to great teachings; this was the beginning”.If they thought that even Maitreya Bodhisattva did not know, they would imagine that the Dharma the Buddha was about to teach was indeed very wondrous.Then they would be even more inspired to seek it.“If even Maitreya Bodhisattva does not know, then I really want to know.”“Who should I ask?”“[He] created questions where there were none.”If even Maitreya Bodhisattva does not know, then this Dharma must be wondrous.So everyone’s curiosity grew even more.
With questions come realizations.Without question, there are no realizations.Only when people have questions do they seek to know more and really want to understand.So “[He] created questions where there were none, created thoughts where there were none.”Some people thought, “I can just wait.”“Everyone else is still waiting here, so I will just wait.”If they just went with the flow and waited, a sense of respect would not arise in them.
So those who just tend to go along with conditions must be inspired to seek [the Dharma].It is not enough to just go along, you should also be actively seeking.So “[He] created thoughts where there were none.”Some people thought, “If there is Dharma, I will listen. If there is no Dharma, forget it.”If they thought this, they would not be diligent.So, he created questions and thoughts in those who had none.They would then be curious, “What Dharma will the Buddha expound after manifesting such extraordinary occurrences?”These thoughts had to be initiated.This was to inspire people to seek the Dharma.He “inspired questioning and the arising of faith”.He caused everyone to have questions.
When questioning, they would seek.Thoughts of seeking are very important.These thoughts arose in them when they began to have questions on exactly what Dharma this would be.
They had to quickly believe that the Buddha must have wondrous Dharma to share.The thought that He “must have wondrous Dharma” had to arise.This led to seeking.Where did these thoughts come from?They arose when the mind connected with conditions.The mind is there first, then thoughts arise.When our minds connect with the external conditions, thoughts arise.
Consider the Chinese character for “thought”. The upper half is the character “now”. Under “now” is the character “mind”. This means that our minds are connecting with external conditions. If the Buddha is now manifesting a condition of extraordinary occurrences, these thoughts may arise in our minds. So when the mind connects with the conditions before us, what arise are “thoughts”. So “the thinking that returns [to conditions] is called 'thought'”.
But if after the connecting conditions disappear, the mind returns to how it was before the conditions appeared, some will think. “That is just what the Buddha is doing, so I will just wait”. If that is how we think we will not be diligent. So after the mind connects with these conditions, it goes back to pursue these external conditions again. This is called “thought”. At that moment, the Buddha really wanted everyone to focus their minds on pursuing those conditions together.
Using skillful means, he hid his understanding and manifested a lack of knowledge. A proper desire gave rise to great teachings; he created questions where there were none, created thoughts where there were none. This was done solely to stir up others and inspire questioning and the arising of faith.
So the sutra states, “This brightness from the Buddha, these signs of spiritual powers, whom shall we now ask about them? At that time, Maitreya wished to resolve his own questions.”
As I just mentioned, Maitreya Bodhisattva did not really have questions but he hid his understanding . Actually, he manifested a lack of knowledge by saying, “I do not know either. I should seek and ask questions. Let me see who I should ask”. Maitreya Bodhisattva did this out of his compassion and wisdom.
So, “[he] observed the minds of the fourfold assembly of bhiksus, bhiksunis, upasakas, and upasikas, as well as heavenly beings, dragons, spirits and others”.
On that occasion, besides the many Bodhisattvas, bhiksus and bhiksunis, there were the eight classes of Dharma- protectors, etc.. The assembly also had the same questions.So in order to resolve everyone's questions
“[he] asked Manjusri: what are the causes and conditions for these auspicious spiritual signs?” This is the passage we mentioned previously. He asked Manjusri Bodhisattva why the Buddha emanated this radiant light to illumine 18,000 worlds to the east.
What were the karmic conditions? In particular, there were these many lands, these 18,000 worlds. Each Buddha's land was very magnificent. In particular, in those lands, those worlds, all the way up to heaven and all the way down to hell, everyone could see all different kinds of life. In addition in every land there were Buddhas expounding the Dharma. Everything was clear and vivid within the radiance of the light emanating from the tuft of white hair between Sakyamuni Buddha's eyebrows .
It seemed that this had never happened before. Why was it happening now. So, Maitreya Bodhisattva found a partner, Manjusri Bodhisattva. This section is the introduction. So, now we have finished explaining this prose section of the text. It was all describing that state in which Maitreya Bodhisattva hid his understanding to express that he also had questions to ask . So he found a partner to ask. We know why he asked, but in case some people were still unclear,when they compiled the sutras, this very important passage was repeated. The questions that he asked were repeated. Why were they repeated? Sections of the sutras in verse form are called repeated verses. They restate the meaning. You will often read the term “restating the meaning”. We should know that verses or gatha, are repeated verses. They reiterate [the points of] the prose. Meanwhile, if something is not in the prose, these verses provide additional explanations.
Because this Dharma is very important, it needs be repeated with added explanations.
Therefore, it is repeated in verse form. There is actually another meaning behind these repeated verses. Perhaps they restated the entire text for those who were late to the assembly. Because people did not arrive all at once, when they came, the Buddha had already expounded that past; the Sutra of Infinite Meanings was halfway done, or had already started. So, they had not heard what the Buddha said earlier. They started to listen after they arrived, but since they did not all arrive at once, some only heard a part of it. There should have been many people like this. So for those who did not hear the entire lecture, in order for them to fully understand, He repeated the verse. He started from the beginning, using these metered verses.
This also means that although some listened from the beginning, they still did not have a full understanding. So when they hear everything in the verse again, those who did not really understand. This was the conversation between Maitreya Bodhisattva and Manjusri Bodhisattvas.
Thereupon, Miatreya Bodhisattva, wishing to restate his meaning, spoke these verse asking, “Manjusri, why did our guiding teacher, from the tuft of white hair between his brow, radiate a great light that shone everywhere?”
These two Bodhisattvas were compassionate. In particular, Maitreya Bodhisattva had been practicing since Beginningless Time. Now he is in Tusita Heaven, preparing to descend to the human world to attain Buddhahood. He should already understand everything. We can also understand. Why Sakamuni Buddha was given predictions to become a Buddha before Maitreya. It was because when they engaged in spiritual practice at the same time, only [Sakyamuni] practiced among people. With great compassion and benevolence, He created many good affinities and was endowed with all the right causes and conditions. Maitreya Bodhisattva was filled with wisdom, so he lacked affinities with sentient beings. It was clear he had abundant wisdom and knowledge. So, why did he had questions now?
Actually, this was out of his compassion. In order for future sentient beings to have a deeper understand of Buddha-Dharma, he decided to “hide his understanding and manifest a lack of knowledge. Manjusri Bodhisattva was “foremost in wisdom,” the teacher of the seven ancient Buddha. Indeed, Manjusri Bodhisattva had wisdom. Maitreya Bodhisattva had compassion. Therefore, a compassionate Bodhisattva asked a wise Bodhisattva for teaching so that everyone there could have complete faith in and understanding of Buddha’s complete, great Dharma a wondrous Dharma of both compassion and wisdom.At that time, as [the Buddha] was about to teach, [they helped] everyone become reverent. Thus, with compassion and wisdom, Bodhisattvas revealed great Dharma for future sentient beings.
So, we should mindfully comprehend the compassion of all Buddhas and Bodhisattvas.They collaborated with each other to provide these causes and conditions for future sentient beings. So, we must give rise to a mindset that cherishes this Dharma because encountering it is difficult. We should be very reverent, make good use of our time and always be mindful of the Dharma.
(Source: Da Ai TV - Wisdom at Dawn program – Explanation by Master Chen-Yen)